These may be caused by swollen lymph nodes, but can be caused by other medical conditions. A nasendoscopy is used to look at the inside of your nose and throat. The doctor collects samples biopsies of cells or tissue from the area that looks abnormal. A doctor who specialises in analysing cells called a pathologist looks at the sample under a microscope for cancer cells. Waiting for test results can be a difficult time, we have more information that can help. If tongue cancer is diagnosed, your doctor may want to do some further tests to find out more about the cancer.
These tests may include:. A CT scan takes a series of x-rays, which build up a three-dimensional picture of the inside of your body. An MRI scan uses magnetism to build up a detailed picture of areas of your body.
An ultrasound scan of the neck uses soundwaves to produce a picture of your neck and lymph nodes on a computer screen. A PET scan uses low-dose radiation to check the activity of cells in different parts of the body.
The results of your tests helps your doctors find out more about the size and position of the cancer and whether it has spread. This is called staging. A doctor decides the grade of the cancer by how the cancer cells look under the microscope. This gives an idea of how quickly the cancer might grow or spread. Knowing the stage and grade helps your doctors plan the best treatment for you. A team of specialists will meet to discuss the best possible treatment for you.
This is called a multidisciplinary team MDT. Your cancer doctor or specialist nurse will explain the different treatments and their side effects. They will also talk to you about the things you should consider when making treatment decisions. Surgery may be used to remove part of the tongue or lymph nodes in the neck. Radiotherapy uses high-energy rays to destroy the cancer cells.
It can be used on its own, but is often given in combination with chemotherapy. This is called chemoradiation. Chemotherapy uses anti-cancer drugs to destroy cancer cells. Chemoradiation is when you have chemotherapy and radiotherapy together.
Chemotherapy can make the cancer cells more sensitive to radiotherapy treatment. Targeted therapy drugs work by targeting something in or around the cancer cell that is helping it grow and survive.
You may have some treatments as part of a clinical trial. You have regular follow-up appointments after treatment. Although tongue bumps can feel strange…. What does it mean if you have a yellow coating on the surface of your tongue?
You might also have a sore throat or bad breath. Reasons for yellow…. There are many different causes of a bleeding tongue, including ulcers, bacteria, and viruses. Treatments are available for most conditions, and home…. Tonsil cancer can affect the mouth and throat area. Risk factors include tobacco use and having human papillomavirus, or HPV. Here, we give advice…. Lumps and swellings in the testicle are typically harmless, although some can be a sign of testicular cancer.
Regular self-exams can help spot the…. What are the early signs of tongue cancer? Symptoms Stages Causes Diagnosis Can it be cured? Prevention Treatment Outlook Tongue cancer is a type of mouth cancer, or oral cancer, that usually develops in the squamous cells on the surface of the tongue.
Tongue cancer symptoms. What are the stages? How is it diagnosed? Share on Pinterest A doctor may perform a biopsy if tongue cancer is suspected. Can it be cured? How is tongue cancer treated? Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products. Advertising revenue supports our not-for-profit mission. This content does not have an English version. This content does not have an Arabic version. Overview Tongue cancer is a form of cancer that begins in the cells of the tongue.
Email address. First Name let us know your preferred name. Last Name. Thank you for subscribing Your in-depth coping with cancer guide will be in your inbox shortly.
Sorry something went wrong with your subscription Please, try again in a couple of minutes Retry. Request an Appointment at Mayo Clinic. Share on: Facebook Twitter. Show references AskMayoExpert. Voice changes and difficult swallowing occur later. Because base of the tongue cancer is diagnosed later, the cancer may have already spread to the neck.
The affected lymph nodes frequently need to be removed. Radiation therapy, including intensity modulated radiation therapy , stops cancer cells from dividing and slows the growth of the tumor.
Radiotherapy also destroys cancer cells and can shrink or eliminate tumors. Intensity modulated radiation therapy allows the use of more effective radiation doses with fewer side effects than conventional radiotherapy techniques.
Skip to content. Tongue Cancer Not what you're looking for? Start New Search. What is tongue cancer? There are two types of tongue cancer: Cancer of the oral tongue. The front two-thirds of the tongue that you can stick out is called the oral tongue. Cancer of the base of the tongue. The base is the back one-third of the tongue that extends down the throat. Related Cancers Buccal mucosa cancer Floor of the mouth cancer. What causes tongue cancer, and what are the risk factors?
Other risk factors are: Smoking and drinking alcohol. Smokers are five times more likely to develop tongue cancer than nonsmokers. Human papillomavirus HPV , a sexually transmitted disease. African-American men are at greater risk than Caucasians. What are the symptoms of tongue cancer? Oral Tongue Cancer A lump on the side of the tongue that touches the teeth. The lump often looks like an ulcer and is grayish-pink to red.
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