However, if they will not be able to make up missed fasts due to old age or chronic illness that is unlikely to improve they should pay fidya for someone else to be fed. So whoever among you is ill or on a journey [during them] — then an equal number of days [are to be made up]. And upon those who are able [to fast, but with hardship] — a ransom [as substitute] of feeding a poor person [each day].
And whoever volunteers excess — it is better for him. In the Hanafi school, fidya is only paid by a person who is not able to fast in Ramadan, cannot make up for the missed fasts at any other time and is not expected to ever regain the ability to make up the missed fasts. All three conditions must be fulfilled, otherwise one does not pay fidya but has to make up the missed fasts. Meanwhile, research in animals suggests that fasting may help fight off bacterial infections.
The same research indicates that consuming glucose, or sugar, may help combat viral infections. In a long-term study , out of participants with preexisting health problems reported an improvement in their condition after having fasted on vegetable juice and soup for 4—21 days. Overall, these participants consumed — calories per day. Researchers believe that fasting may have some health benefits because of how the immune system responds to a lack of glucose.
When the body has no more energy stores of glucose, it starts using amino acids and fat as energy sources. Using fat as fuel causes the body to produce ketones. Certain ketones, such as beta-hydroxybutyrate , may benefit the immune system.
Other research has also suggested that fasting may enable the body to regenerate healthy immune cells. Some scientists suggest that intermittent fasting, or eating only during restricted periods, is embedded in our physiology — that it constitutes an evolutionary adaptation and can trigger essential functions in cells, supporting overall health. Learn more about intermittent fasting here.
However, it is important to note that researchers still do not fully understand the effects of fasting on the immune system. Doing so will require further studies in humans. A study in mice found that glucose has different effects on bacterial and viral infections. In mice with a bacterial infection, glucose had a negative effect, but in those with a viral infection, the effect was positive.
When glucose is in short supply, such as during fasting, the body can use fat as a fuel source, producing ketones. Scientists have found that certain ketones can protect mice from bacterial inflammation. Whether or not a person fasts, it is crucial to stay hydrated during illness and receive the right medical care. People with some chronic conditions or who take medications on an ongoing basis should consult a doctor before fasting. Research indicates that fasting may cause:.
These symptoms usually occur in the first few days of fasting. If any symptom makes a sick person feel worse, it might not be a good idea to continue with fasting. Some foods can help support the immune system and speed recovery from sickness. Mums need a lot of nutrition, lots of hydration so mums are exempt if they are breastfeeding and feel they can't fast. If you are pregnant you are not expected to fast, in case the fasting causes harm to the unborn baby. Ms Janmohamed added: "When you're pregnant you get really tired, really thirsty, really hungry.
The baby needs nourishment and so you don't have to fast if you feel you can't manage while you're pregnant. Broadcast journalist Hanan Bihi said: "People who are exempt from fasting are elders, people who are sick, also women who are menstruating or pregnant, or breastfeeding mothers. However, the elderly person who does not fast is expected to feed a poor person for every day that they broke the fast. It's not, it's a choice that we all make and if you're not able to fast then it's not pushed on you.
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